Reproduction of Nanofluid Synthesis, Thermal Properties and Experiments in Engineering: A Research Paradigm Shift

The suspension of different nanoparticles into various conventional thermal fluids to synthesize nanofluids has been proven possess superior thermal, optical, tribological, and convective properties, the heat transfer performance over fluids. This task appears trivial but is complicated significant nanofluid synthesis its subsequent utilization in diverse applications. stability mono hybrid significantly related stirring duration speed; volume, density, base fluid type; weight/volume concentration, nano-size, type or used; weight surfactant sonication time, frequency, mode, amplitude. effects these parameters on consequently affect applications, leading divergent, inaccurate, suspicious results. Disparities results have inundated public domain this regard. Thus, study utilized published works highlight trend formulation presently documented as norm, with possibility changing status quo. With huge progress made research area which a large quantum nanoparticles, fluids, surfactants deployed more are still emerging application advanced areas, there need for conformity better accuracy Reproduction stability, anti-wear, fuel properties; photothermal conversion; supercooling, lubrication, engine, combustion, emission, thermo-hydraulic, performances formulated possible through optimization detailed documentation applicable preparation (stirring time speed, duration, amplitude, concentration) employed formulating nanofluids. proposed approach expected project new frontier serve veritable working guide community.